The Overview Effect

“The overview effect is when you’re looking through the cupola and you see the Earth as it exists with the whole universe in the background. You see the thin blue line of the atmosphere, and then when you’re on the dark side of the Earth, you actually see this very thin green line that shows you where the atmosphere is. What you realize is every single person that you know is sustained and inside of that green line and everything else outside of it is completely inhospitable. You don’t see borders, you don’t see religious lines, you don’t see political boundaries. All you see is Earth and you see that we are way more alike than we are different.”

– Artemis II Mission Specialist Christina Koch

The Overview Effect: Astronaut Perspectives from 25 Years in Low Earth Orbit – NASA

“We are far too easily pleased.”

If you asked twenty good men today what they thought of the highest of the virtues, nineteen of them would reply, Unselfishness. But if you had asked almost any of the great Christians of old, he would have replied, Love.

You see what has happened? A negative term has been substituted for a positive, and this is of more than philological importance. The negative idea of Unselfishness carries with it the suggestion not primarily of securing good things for others, but of going without them ourselves, as if our abstinence and not their happiness was the most important point.

I do not think this is the Christian virtue of Love. The New Testament has lots to say about self-denial, but not about self-denial as an end in itself. We are told to deny ourselves and to take up our crosses in order that we may follow Christ; and nearly every description of what we shall ultimately find if we do so contains an appeal to desire. If there lurks in most modern minds the notion that to desire our own good and earnestly to hope for the enjoyment of it is a bad thing, I submit that this notion has crept in from Kant and the Stoics and is no part of the Christian faith.

Indeed, if we consider the unblushing promises of reward and the staggering nature of the rewards promised in the Gospels, it would seem that Our Lord finds our desires not too strong, but too weak. We are half-hearted creatures, fooling about with drink and sex and ambition when infinite joy is offered us, like an ignorant child who wants to go on making mud pies in a slum because he cannot imagine what is meant by the offer of a holiday at the sea. We are far too easily pleased.

— C.S. Lewis, “The Weight of Glory” (1942)

Via Shaun’s post reflecting on the murder of Cerina Fairfax by her husband, former Virginia Lt. Governor Justin Fairfax, just before he took his own life. The whole piece is worth a read, not just for the dissection of the political destruction of Justin Fairfax and rumination on the sacrifices of political life, but for the C.S. Lewis insights like the one above and the following:

If each side had been frankly contending for its own real wish, they would have all kept within the bounds of reason and courtesy; but just because the contention is reversed and each side is fighting the other side’s battle, all the bitterness which really flows from thwarted self-righteousness and obstinacy and the accumulated grudges of the last ten years is concealed from them by the nominal or official ‘Unselfishness’ of what they are doing or, at least, held to be excused by it.

And more from Shaun himself:

St. Thomas Aquinas defines love as willing the good of another, which is quite a different thing than unselfishness. 

Love can be unselfish, but unselfishness is by no means love.

…

In this, the modern mantra of “support” simply doesn’t do the trick. We aren’t called to support one another; we are called to love one another and in the Christian tradition to love one another as Christ loves us. We are not individuals who need therapy to learn how to deal with a cruel world, but persons with souls who interact with the world through our friends, family, and relations. We are not means to an end to be manipulated and used to get what we want, but rather each of us are ends unto ourselves. 

In all of this, Shaun shines a light on what has been bugging me about the modern “stoicism” movement that seems to constitute the prevalent philosophy of a lot of men these days. Maybe it’ll rattle more thoughts out of me, I dunno. But Shaun’s onto something here…

AI Works in Education When It Makes Learning Harder, Not Easier | American Enterprise Institute – AEI

In a randomized trial of 1,000 high school students, those using GPT-4 performed much better on practice problems but scored 17 percent worse once the AI was removed. The likely culprit was overreliance: students asked for answers, copied them, and moved on. But the researchers also showed that a more structured prompt that offered step-by-step hints rather than direct answers largely eliminated the negative effects. In some ways, that was the most important finding: the design of the AI tutor mattered enormously.
— Read on www.aei.org/technology-and-innovation/ai-works-in-education-when-it-makes-learning-harder-not-easier/

You Are Not a Function – by Brendan McCord

In a world where your economic value can evaporate overnight, “Become a whole person” sounds like advice from someone who has never worried about next month’s rent. The utilitarian case for education has the force of necessity behind it. For millions of people, making yourself useful is what responsibility to their families demands.

Yet if the response to being replaceable is always to train for a different function, you have entered a race you structurally cannot win. The principle that makes your education valuable is the same principle that makes you disposable the moment the function migrates.

The scramble into computer science was an early sign of the trap: students rushed toward the field that seemed safest, and then AI began destabilizing the very functions it trained them to perform. The flight to function looks rational from inside it; that is what makes it a trap.
— Read on blog.cosmos-institute.org/p/you-are-not-a-function

How Anthropic Discovered Mythos AI Was Too Dangerous For Release – Bloomberg

Within hours Carlini found numerous techniques to infiltrate systems used around the world. Once Carlini was back in Anthropic’s downtown San Francisco office, he discovered Mythos was able to autonomously create powerful break-in tools, including against Linux, the open-source code that underpins most of modern computing.

Mythos orchestrated the digital equivalent of a bank robbery: getting past security protocols and through the front door of networks, and breaking into digital vaults that gave it access to online treasures. AI had picked locks, but now it could pull off an entire heist.

Carlini and some of his colleagues began alerting staff to what they’d found. And each day they continued to discover high-severity and critical bugs in the systems Mythos probed, the kind of flaws normally uncovered by the world’s best hackers.

How Anthropic Discovered Mythos AI Was Too Dangerous For Release – Bloomberg

Your Backpack Got Worse On Purpose

The “expensive” bag costs less. But VF Corp doesn’t want you to do this math, because the $35 bag creates a repeat customer every eighteen months. The $200 bag creates one transaction and zero follow-ups. From a shareholder’s perspective, the bag that falls apart is the better product.
That’s the business model. Repeat failure, repeat purchase, repeat revenue. The quality decline isn’t a side effect. It’s the strategy.
— Read on www.worseonpurpose.com/p/your-backpack-got-worse-on-purpose

Fake It ‘Til You Make It?

Essentially, the firm creates networks of social media pages (typically on TikTok) and uses them to drive the band’s music into the recommendation algorithm. Songs are dropped into the backgrounds of videos. Live clips are shared. Sometimes, burner accounts, comments, and whole ecosystems of interactions can be fabricated out of digital cloth, stoking—and in some cases, completely manufacturing—discourse around an artist. These ginned-up interactions push the songs and the discussion about them higher up a platform’s algorithmic rankings. And social media platforms like TikTok and YouTube are, increasingly, where (real) fans discover new music.

“We can drive impressions on anything at this point,” Spelman told Billboard. “We know how to go viral. We have thousands of pages.” Spelman has dubbed the process “trend simulation.” And the campaigns themselves are referred to by Chaotic Good as “narrative” or UGC (for “user-generated content”) campaigns.

Now Chaotic Good cofounder Adam Tarsia confirms to WIRED that his company engineered campaigns for both Geese and Cameron Winter. “We helped distribute clips of them performing and doing some interviews on TikTok,” Tarsia says via email, speaking on behalf of Chaotic Good. “I understand that ‘industry plant’ discourse is inevitable, but we’ve had the pleasure of being Geese fans since their 2021 project Projector,” which, he notes, was released four full years before his agency launched.

The long-bubbling suspicions about the band’s rise boiled over the first week of April. A viral Substack post by singer-songwriter Eliza McLamb traced the connection between Geese and Chaotic Good and mulled the fuzzy ethics of such marketing. As McLamb summed up the model: “If 100 people think your song sucks, Chaotic Good will create 200 people who think your song is awesome.”

The Fanfare Around the Band Geese Actually Was a Psyop | WIRED

Interesting. But if these Chaotic Good folks are using the algorithms to get a band noticed and then people are saying “hey, I like that” and buying in, isn’t that just marketing? Astroturf and pay-to-play has always been a thing (online and off).

Dark GDP: The Economics of Entangled Time

The central claim is this: when you scroll a social media feed, watch algorithmically recommended content, or interact with any digital interface that monitors your behavior, you are not merely consuming a free product. You are simultaneously producing a distinct economic output — behavioral data that serves as a critical input to AI training, targeted advertising, and algorithmic product development. This production is not compensated by wages. It is not recorded in any national accounting system. And its aggregate value may be large enough to reshape our understanding of the global economy.

The six hours and forty-seven minutes on my screen time report are not wasted time. They may be uncompensated labor. And the difference between those two interpretations has consequences that reach far beyond my Sunday morning guilt.
— Read on navvaidhyanathanatvysdomai.substack.com/p/dark-gdp-the-economics-of-entangled

The Internet’s Most Powerful Archiving Tool Is in Peril | WIRED

THIS MONTH, USA Today published an excellent report that revealed how US Immigrations and Customs Enforcement delayed disclosing key information about the impacts of its detainment policies. The authors used the Internet Archive’s Wayback Machine to compile and analyze detention statistics from ICE and track how the agency had changed under the Trump administration. The story is one of countless examples of how the Wayback Machine, which crawls and preserves web pages, has helped preserve information for the public good. It was also, Wayback Machine director Mark Graham says, “a little ironic.”

USA Today Co., the publishing conglomerate formerly known as Gannet that runs both its namesake paper and over 200 additional media outlets, bars the Wayback Machine from archiving its work. “They’re able to pull together their story research because the Wayback Machine exists. At the same time, they’re blocking access,” Graham says.

The Internet’s Most Powerful Archiving Tool Is in Peril | WIRED